What is Good Nutrition and Why is it important?

by ActiveSG Masters Club, on August 9, 2020

What are the benefits of Good Nutrition? Am I consuming enough?

Most of us do know what healthy eating is all about: less fried food, less sugar and more vegetables and fruits. When it comes to having good nutrition however, too many of us don�t know the full details of the benefits of good nutrition and how to go about achieving it.

Only 11% of Singaporean adults eat enough fruit and vegetables, and 59% of adults overeat.

It's a big challenge if we want to feel better, perform better and live better.

Nutrition is an essential aspect of a healthy lifestyle and the importance of getting it right cannot be overstated � let�s start by going into the benefits of having a nutritious diet.

How good nutrition boosts your health

Weight management

A lot of us mistakenly associate weight-loss with fad diets, but eating a nutritious diet is really the best way to go about maintaining a healthy weight and at the same time attaining the necessary nutrients for healthy body function. Swapping unhealthy junk food and snacks out for nutritious food is the first step to keeping your weight within a healthy range relative to your body composition, without the need to jump on the fad-diet bandwagon.
Protecting you from chronic diseases

Many chronic diseases such as type-2 diabetes and heart disease are caused by poor nutrition and obesity. With 1 in 9 Singaporeans suffering from diabetes, the emphasis on good nutrition is higher than ever. Taking a preventive approach with a whole food-based nutrition plan also reduces the risk of developing other related diseases such as kidney failure.
Strengthen your immune system

Our immune system requires essential vitamins and minerals in order to function optimally. Eating a wholesome and varied diet ensures your immune system functions at peak performance and guards against illnesses and immunodeficiency problems.
Delaying the onset of ageing

Certain types of food such as tomatoes and berries can increase vigour and improve cognitive performance, all the while protecting your body against the effects of ageing.
Supporting your mental well-being

Eating the right foods can actually make you happier � nutrients such as iron and omega-3 fatty acids found in protein-rich food can boost your mood. This contributes to better overall mental well-being and protects you against mental health issues.

So, how does one build a sensible nutrition plan then? Healthy eating is all about eating balanced proportions of nutrient-rich foods from the various food groups, as well as adopting several healthy eating habits.

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How to achieve good nutrition in your diet

Each food group provides different nutrients and benefits, so eating a balanced diet that includes foods from all five groups is essential. These are the different food groups that you should keep in mind.

Whole grains

Whole grain foods such as brown rice and bread are forms of carbohydrates, specifically unrefined carbohydrates. They provide you with energy, healthy fibre, vitamins, minerals and antioxidants, and aid with digestion. For people who are diagnosed coeliacs or those with non-coeliac gluten sensitivity, it's important that you include other carbohydrate alternatives to ensure that your abstinence from wheat doesn't cost you in terms of essential nutrients.

�Gluten-free carbohydrate alternatives include rice products, buckwheat (technically a pseudocereal), quinoa and starchy vegetables (e.g. sweet potato, yam, pumpkin, corn),� says Ang Sin Hwee, Associate Sport Dietitian at Singapore Sport Institute. �As following a gluten-free diet may lead you to unknowingly cut out certain nutrients, it is recommended that you seek help from a registered dietitian.�
Fruits and vegetables

Various forms of produce are the rich sources of vitamins and minerals that help regulate body functions and protect it against chronic diseases. To get the most nutrients out of your fruits and vegetables, eat them whole � for example, eat whole fruits instead of having them juiced.
Protein

Protein is the primary nutrient responsible for building and repairing muscle tissue in the body. Animal meat is the most common source of protein, but there are also several plant-based options to choose from such as nuts and legumes. Individuals on plant-based diets should ensure that eat the right combination of plant protein to ensure that their dietary needs are adequately met.
Dairy

Dairy products are rich in important nutrients like calcium, potassium, phosphorus, vitamins A,D and B12. Foods like milk, yogurt and cheese are great examples of dairy which can be found in practically every grocer stores.
Fat and sugar

Dietary fat (such as the kind you get from fish and olive oil) is essential for good health as they regulate cholesterol levels in your body while promoting healthy cell function. Monounsaturated, polyunsaturated and saturated fat all play a role in this aspect of good health. On the other hand, the additional fat you often find in fried food should be minimised as they are largely polyunsaturated fat derived from processed vegetable oils such as soybean and rapeseed.

Due to their low threshold for oxidisation, over consumption of polyunsaturated fat can lead to inflammatory conditions and the formation of free radicals. Artificial trans fat are also a strict �no-no�. Sugar should also be limited � while the natural sugars present in fruits and whole grains are healthy, the refined sort you get with cakes and snacks can affect your weight and lead to metabolic diseases if consumed in excess.

Apart from eating foods from the above-mentioned food groups, there are three other healthy eating habits to maintain in order to keep your nutrition plan on point.

Keep portion sizes regulated

Managing portion sizes is all about ensuring that you are getting the right amounts of nutrients and calories from your food. Over-eating or under-eating deprives you of nutrients and can affect your weight, so always regulate your meal portions. When buying food, check out the serving sizes on the nutrition labels to see what amounts to a regular serving and how much it provides in terms of nutrients.
Prioritise fresh food

Fresh, whole foods are the ones you will derive maximum nutritional benefits from. Always go for foods in their purest, unprocessed form such as fresh fruits, vegetables and meat when possible. If you go with processed alternatives, pick those that have undergone simple changes such as dehydration and flash freezing to minimise nutrient loss. Also, keep an eye on the ingredients list to ensure that you're consuming as little additives with your food as possible.
Practice healthier seasoning habits

Consider tempering your salt intake with other herbs and spices to add a new dimension of flavour to your food. For example, basil, garlic, paprika and cayenne can turn an ordinary chicken breast dish into a gastronomical delight! Salt is the most common food seasoning used in cooking, but too much sodium can lead to high blood pressure and hypertension, particularly with those who are already susceptible to said conditions.

Maintaining a nutritious eating plan is simple enough; evaluating whether it's nutritious enough can be straightforward as well. Just look out for five simple enough indicators of whether you are getting enough from your food.

Healthy eating improves your work performance, increases your energy, helps you lose weight, and reduces your risk of developing nearly every chronic disease affecting the Singapore population.